Author: nslightowler

If you are “a natural or legal person, public authority, agency or other body using an AI system under its authority except where the AI system is used in the course of a personal non-professional activity” and you are located in the EU,  in accordance with the provisions of Article 3.4) of the EU AI Act you are a “deployer” and therefore from 2 February 2025 you have to comply with two obligations:

1. Ensure, a sufficient level of AI literacy of your staff and other persons dealing with the operation and use of AI systems on your behalf, “taking into account their technical knowledge, experience, education and training and the context the AI systems are to be used in, and considering the persons or groups of persons on whom the AI systems are to be used”. (Article 4 EU AI Act).
2. Ensure, that prohibited AI practices considered to be of unacceptable risk are not carried out in your organization, such as, -among others- subliminal manipulation, exploitation of social vulnerabilities, and other uses that may cause significant harm to individuals or groups. (Article 5 EU AI Act).

You also need to know that administrative sanctions have come into force from 2 August 2025, and as is set out in Article 99 (3) of the EU AI Act, the infringement of Article 5 may result in penalties up to EUR 35 000 000 €, or up to 7% of the total annual turnover of the offender, if it is a company.

If you are a deployer of AI systems, have you already ensured the compliance of these obligations?

* The information provided in this article is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For specific legal guidance, please contact us.

#RuneLexAI

As parents and as a society, we are facing one of the greatest challenges and opportunities in the history of humanity with the integration of AI systems into our lives. The comfort they bring in our daily basis has made us welcome them with open arms without thinking twice about their consequences, especially, the impact they could cause in the mental health of our minors.

In this sense, the EU AI Act, which establishes the harmonised legal framework for the development, commercialisation and use of AI systems in the EU, encourages to “(…) taking into account their respective rights and obligations in the context of this Regulation, to make an informed deployment of AI systems, as well as to gain awareness about the opportunities and risks of AI and possible harm it can cause”.

With the AI evolution, as parents and as a society we must also adapt ourselves and be pretty aware about what types of AI systems are our minors having access to, –especially in a such a critical age, in which their brains haven’t fully developed yet-.

The state of California (U.S.) has taken a step forward to protect minors. On October 13, 2025, its governor approved the Bill No. 243, with the aim, among others, of:

“(…) making a companion chatbot platform safer for users, if a reasonable person interacting with a companion chatbot would be misled to believe that the person is interacting with a human, require an operator of a companion chatbot platform to issue a clear and conspicuous notification indicating that the companion chatbot is artificially generated and not human. The bill would also require an operator to take certain actions with respect to a user the operator knows is a minor, including disclose to the user that the user is interacting with artificial intelligence. The bill would also require an operator to prevent a companion chatbot on its companion chatbot platform from engaging with users unless the operator maintains a protocol for preventing the production of suicidal ideation, suicide, or self-harm content to the user, as specified, and would require an operator to publish details on that protocol on the operator’s internet website”.

This law, which will come into force in 2027, is a great advance in the protection of our minors and a warning to large AI companies operating in California.

Do you think there is enough information and regulation regarding Companion chatbots?

I read you.

#SafeCompanionChatbots  #AIWithCare #ChatbotSafety #AICalifornia

The launch of Sora 2 (OpenAI), on September 30, 2025, represents a paradigm shift in the digital content creation industry, as it can generate extremely realistic and impressive videos from simple prompts. The success has been such that in just 5 days the Sora 2 App had been downloaded a million times, counting only the United States and Canada.

However, Sora 2 has become a real headache for rightsholders due to the risky legal strategy adopted by OpenAI, establishing a system in which they expressly had to request Sora 2 to not use their works, –which is illogical and inverted the rule-.

For that reason, on October 6, 2025, the Motion Picture Association (MPA), which member Studios are –Netflix, Paramount Pictures, Prime Video & Amazon MGM Studios, Sony Pictures, Universal Studios, The Walt Disney Studios, and Warner Bros. Discovery-, made the following statement regarding the release of Sora 2:

“‘Since Sora 2’s release, videos that infringe our members’ films, shows, and characters have proliferated on OpenAI’s service and across social media. While OpenAI clarified it will ‘soon’ offer rightsholders more control over character generation, they must acknowledge it remains their responsibility – not rightsholders’ – to prevent infringement on the Sora 2 service. OpenAI needs to take immediate and decisive action to address this issue. Well-established copyright law safeguards the rights of creators and applies here.”

For the above, it would be recommended for OpenAI to change its legal strategy as soon as possible, allowing the use of protected material only if the rightsholders have authorized it. Otherwise, it could face millionaire lawsuits, which in addition could cause an inconvenient reputational damage.

If you want to know more or understand how Sora 2 impacts your business, let’s connect!

#RuneLexAI #ResponsibleAI #Sora2 #OpenAI

Numerous current legal systems are based on Roman Law, with the pioneering legal compilation of Emperor Justinian, known as the Corpus Iuris Civilis, being one of the most important and influential legal works in the practice of current Civil Law by including concepts such as obligations, contracts, property, civil liability and equity.

Italy, heir to the legacy of the Corpus Iuris Civilis, has reaffirmed its legal tradition and has consolidated its role as a pioneer in the regulation of AI, by becoming the first country to enact a Law (No. 132/2025), which complements the Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (“AI Act”).

However, the new Italian Law introduces two important novelties with respect to the AI Act, on the one hand, it specifically protects minors under 14 years of age, for whom it will be mandatory to have the express authorization of their parents or legal guardians both to be able to access AI systems and to authorize the processing of their personal data.

And on the other hand, it introduces criminal sanctions punishing illicit Deepfakes with sentences from 1 to 5 years in prison as it is established in article 612 of the Italian Penal Code. Likewise, market manipulation with artificial intelligence is punishable by up to 7 years in prison and the use of AI in any crime is considered an aggravating circumstance.

With this Law, the Italian Government aims to ensure a transparent and responsible use of AI, protecting the fundamental rights of citizens, requiring mandatory human supervision in critical sectors such as labour and health, justice, education, and public administration.

The Italian government has also created a public-private investment fund of 1,000 million euros to promote AI, cybersecurity and new technologies projects.

If you need to adapt your company to the new Italian AI Law, contact us today and find out how RuneLex AI can help you implement AI ethically, safely and in compliance with the law.

#AIinItaly #ItalianAILaw #Cybersecurity #TechInvestment #PublicPrivatePartnership #EthicalAI #AICompliance #RuneLexAI #FutureOfTech #AIRegulation

Warnings from Stephen Hawking and Geoffrey Hinton on AI.

This weekend the film Tron directed by Joachim Rønning, was released. The film is about Ares (Jared Leto) “who is sent from the digital world into the real world on a dangerous mission, marking humankind’s first encounter with A.I. beings” (Disney).

This reminded me of the words that the British theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking (1942-2018) -recognized for his studies about the Big Bang and black holes– has said during an interview he gave to the BBC in 2014:

“The development of a complete artificial intelligence could mean the end of the human race. It would take off on its own, and re-design itself at an ever-increasing rate. Humans, who are limited by slow biological evolution, couldn’t compete, and would be superseded.”

Another renowned scientist, Geoffrey Hinton, the so-called godfather of AI, who left Google at the age of seventy-five, said no to Elon Musk when he wanted to hire him as an X adviser, and who was awarded with the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2024 for his discoveries on artificial neural networks, has also warned about AI during an interview with TVO tonight (2025):

“(…) there’s a 10 to 20% chance that he’ll take over, and we’re at the point in history where there’s still a chance that we can figure out how to develop superintelligent AI and make it safe, but for the moment we don’t know how to do it and large companies are motivated by short-term profits”.

Both Hawking and Hinton emphasized the urgency of ethical frameworks, international collaboration, and public awareness.

The warnings from Hawking and Hinton served as a call to action, in fact, Governments worldwide have defined AI regulations. Among others, the European Union, with the EU AI Act introducing a risk-based framework, banning manipulative AI and enforcing strict rules for high-risk systems like biometric surveillance and algorithmic decision-making. And the United States, with the AI Action Plan and SANDBOX Act, promoting innovation through regulatory flexibility, allowing developers to test AI in controlled environments while maintaining safety standards.

As society, we must advocate for responsible AI development and support transparent and inclusive regulation.

Do you believe current regulations are enough to safeguard humanity from AI risks?

I read you.

When I talk about the BAR, I don’t mean a Pub like Cocktails & Dreams, where Tom Cruise’s character, Brian Flanagan, dreamed of opening his own, what eventually happened by the end of the film (Cocktail,1988).

I mean the Bar Exam, the one that law graduates must pass to become licensed to practice law in a particular jurisdiction -state or country-.

By the simple application of logic and considering that no language model based on AI is allowed to take the BAR exam, it is obvious that, – only a human being– could do the practice of law. In addition, no avatar, bot, or similar AI technology will be able to sign procedural documents as lawyers do or represent clients in Court.

Therefore, AI may help us lawyers in the practice of law -as an assistant but not as a replacement-. So, if you are a lawyer, it is highly recommended that you start using AI as soon as possible. Because only the ones who rapidly adapt to this God-like technology will “survive” in the techy environment we are living today.

In fact this may occur by natural selection as Charles Darwin pointed out in his work The Origin of Species (1859), in which he explained that the organisms best adapted to their environment “will tend to propagate their kind in greater numbers than those less adapted”,  or as it is colloquially stated- only those most adapted to the environment will survive-.

In summary this isn’t about resisting AI but embracing it knowing the bottom line-AI is a tool not a legal professional and the human factor in the practice of law is irreplaceable-.

Do you agree? I read you.

#AI #LegalProfession #Lawyers #FutureOfWork #RegulatedProfessions #ArtificialIntelligence #LegalTech #HumanJudgment #EthicsInLaw

“The real problem of humanity is the following: we have Palaeolithic emotions, medieval institutions, and God-like technology”. With this statement, the American biologist Edward O. Wilson seemed to prophesy the impact that the irruption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) would have in our lives.

There is no doubt that our genetic code contains emotions from thousands of years ago, that is the reason why we have stored a potential feeling of fear that it is activated when we see a snake for the first time.

In my opinion, medieval institutions such as universities or even currency are also changing. Did you know that studying with a private tutor increases a better academic performance in an 85%? With AI, the possibilities of studying online and having a specialized tutor have multiplied, which means that if you are a student, you will be able to achieve your goals more effectively and at a lower economic cost and effort.

There is no doubt that another medieval institution such as currency is also changing. It is already affected by blockchain, and cryptocurrencies are going to have a considerable impact. There are experts who are even talking about a Unified Global Salary due to the loss of employment that the AI impact will cause around the world in the next few years.

What I do have to agree with Edward O. Wilson is that we have God-like technology, such as ChatGPT 5, whose impact on society remains to be seen. The positive impact will be in Medicine by being able to analyse millions of medical records that will help curing diseases. The negative impact are Deepfakes and the increase of sophisticated cybercrime. For that reason, Governments lead by the European Union AI Act, are regulating the use of these God-like technologies.

What are your thoughts about this God-like technology?

I read you.

Einstein once said, “if you can’t explain it to a six-year-old, you don’t understand it yourself”. Explaining what AI is, in the complex algorithmic universe in which we live today, it is not an easy task, however, making my own one of the best advertising slogans in history –Just Do it– I will try it below.

According to MIT Professional Education “Artificial intelligence is the ability for computers to imitate cognitive human functions such as learning and problem‑solving”.

To make it simple, today we will just be focus on the definition of three basic types of AI according to MIT, Stanford, and other top institutions. Think of these concepts as if they were introduced to you as three new friends ANI, AGI and ASI, and remember -each one is smarter than the last-:

ANI (Artificial Narrow Intelligence): –is LIMITED-programmed to perform one specific task, but it cannot reason outside it (Siri, Alexa, Google Assistant).

AGI (Artificial General Intelligence): –is ADVANCED- it doesn’t exist yet, but it would have the same ability to learn, understand, and solve problems as a human.

ASI(Artificial Super Intelligence): –is SUPER INTELLIGENT- it doesn’t exist either, but hypothetical in the future it would be far more intelligent than a human.

For today is enough, don’t forget your three new friends ANI, AGI and ASI, repeat this concepts like a mantra until you have integrated them into your brain and your life. Keep in mind that being clear about them will make you look very cool, up to date with new technologies, an even -for some- a true expert in artificial intelligence.

If you want to know more, reach out our recent Blog post COOL with AI, and if you are bold enough, you can even subscribe to it.

I Will be back.

If you are Danish or live in Denmark, you are pretty lucky because the Government has presented a bill on June 26, 2025 with the aim of recognizing the –right of the citizens to the protection of their own body, own voice and own facial features-, forbid deepfakes generated by AI, and establish fines to the platforms in case of non-compliance.

This way, the Danish law moves towards the protection of the individual right of the citizens over their own body, own face features and own voice, -something like a copyright-. Once approved, the unauthorized use of the body, voice and facial features without consent will be forbidden. Hopefully this trend could be extended not only to the entire European Union, but globally.

The Danish Minister of culture, in an interview with The Guardian, has explained:

‘’In the Bill we agree and are sending and unequivocal message that everybody has the right to their own body, their own voice and their own facial features, which is apparently not how the current law is protecting people against generative AI’’.

He also added that:

“Human beings can be run though the digital copy machine and be misused for all sort of purposes and I’m not willing to accept that’’.  

The proposed law, once approved, will grant Danish citizens the right to claim the removal of unauthorized content such as Deepfakes that contain the image of their body, their face features and their voice, and the right to be compensated for the misused. The proposed law includes the establishment of fines to the platforms that refuse to remove this type of content.

Danish law, once passed, will complement the AI Act, which already requires the labelling and transparency of the content created by AI, but -does not provide the protection of citizens’ copyright-.

Do you think the copyright of our own body, facial features and voice, should already be regulated? Connect with us and share your thoughts!

“If you want to stay cool, sharp, creative, employable, or just not left behind, then you need to learn everything about AI, starting right now!

As you may have notice AI is already here. It is recommending your next Netflix marathon, feeding your Instagram, suggesting connections in your LinkedIn, and even deciding what is the best route to take on a road trip. Whether you’re a student, an artist, a hustler, or someone just trying to figure out what’s next in your life— you’re already in the AI era. So, if you want to stay relevant, smart, and becoming even cooler in the process you’re in the right place.

Through the next chapters, you will learn in just three simple steps how to use AI like a pro, with no coding background, improving your life, work and creativity. This is a practical book for everyone; creators, dreamers, hustlers, students, parents, grandparents, retiree, entrepreneurs and professionals who wants to understand AI and fulfil their potential independently of their age, status, professional and personal life knowing nothing about programming.

I hope it will be useful for you to thrive in all areas of your life using your natural intelligence”.

Extract from the book “Cool with AI” by nslightowler.

Connect with us if you want to receive the first chapter totally free before the official launch!